1569-1650 CE
From 1569 to 1650 CE, the Ukrainians discovered that Polish liberty meant their bondage — the Union of Lublin transferring their lands from Lithuanian partnership to Polish colonization, their Orthodox faith pressed toward Roman submission, their peasants enserfed to Catholic magnates. But on the Dnieper's islands, the Zaporozhian Sich bred a different answer, and Bohdan Khmelnytsky was learning to hate.